What is an autoclave?
An autoclave is a pressure and temperature-resistant container that is used for thermal processes such as sterilisation, Post-vulcanisation or curing. In elastomer processing, the autoclave is primarily used for autoclave post-vulcanisation, i.e. the thermal post-curing of Silicones, Fluoro rubbers and other high-temperature cross-linking rubber materials.
Design & function of an autoclave
Autoclaves consist of a stable container (e.g. steel container) with a lockable door and are equipped with heating systems (e.g. hot air or steam). They enable precise control of temperature, pressure and time. Typical operating parameters for the Post-vulcanisation of elastomers are 150-250°C and several bars of overpressure - depending on the material and process. Uniform temperature distribution inside the mould is crucial for reproducible results.
Applications of an autoclave in rubber and plastics technology
Autoclaves are used in the rubber industry for the post-curing of elastomer components, in particular silicone rubber (VMQ) and fluorosilicone (FVMQ), after the moulding process (depending on the process), in order to achieve the desired degree of vulcanisation. This process is particularly relevant for extruded components.
The process improves the mechanical properties, dimensional accuracy and chemical stability.
Autoclaves are also used in medical and food technology, but primarily for sterilisation. In composite materials technology, they are also used for curing CFRP- or GRP-components.